Các Dạng Câu Tường Thuật Đặc Biệt Và Bài Tập Vận Dụng Hay

Loại câu

Cấu trúc

Câu trực tiếp

Câu tường thuật

Mệnh lệnh

S + told + O + (not) to V

“Please be on time,” she said to us.

She asked us to be on time.

S + asked + O + (not) to V

"Can you send me the file?", he said.

He asked me to send him the file.

Lời khuyên 

S + advised + O + (not) to V

"You should save money for the future", she said.

She advised me to save money for the future.

Lời hứa 

S + promised + (not) to V

"I won't be late again", she said.

She promised not to be late again.

Lời cảnh báo

S + warned + O + (not) to V

“Don’t do that!”, he said

He warned me not to do that.

Lời nhắc nhở 

S + reminded + O + (not) to V

"Don't forget to call grandma", she said.

She reminded me to call grandma.

S + encouraged + O + to V

"Try participating in the school play", the teacher said.

The teacher encouraged me to participate in the school play.

Lời ngỏ ý 

S + offered + to V

“Shall I help you with the bags?” he said.

He offered to help me with the bags.

S + agreed + to V

"I’ll sign the contract tomorrow," he said.

He agreed to sign the contract the next day.

Loại câu

Cấu trúc

Câu trực tiếp

Câu tường thuật

Buộc tội 

S + accused + O + of + V-ing

“You copied my assignment”, Anna said to Tom.

Anna accused Tom of copying her assignment.

S + admitted + V-ing/having V3

“I made a mistake in the report,” the manager said.

The manager admitted making a mistake in the report.

Phủ nhận  

S + denied + V-ing/having V3

“I didn’t take your pen”, she said.

She denied taking my pen.

Chúc mừng 

S + congratulated + O + on + V-ing

“Congratulations on being promoted,” they said to John.

They congratulated John on being promoted.

Khẳng định 

S + insisted on + V-ing

Gợi ý 

S + suggested + V-ing

“Let’s try a new restaurant tonight”, he said.

He suggested trying a new restaurant that night.

S + thanked + O + for + V-ing

“Thanks for helping me move”, she said.

She thanked me for helping her move.

Cảnh báo  

S + warned + O + against + V-ing

“Don’t drive so fast”, the police said.

The police warned me against driving so fast.

“You caused the delay”, he said to her.

He blamed her for causing the delay.

Thú nhận 

S + confessed + to + V-ing

“I cheated on the test”, Mark said.

Mark confessed to cheating on the test.

Loại câu

Loại 1 

Lùi thì:

If + V (hiện tại), will → If + V (quá khứ), would

“If you study hard, you will pass the exam”, the teacher said.

The teacher said that if I studied hard, I would pass the exam.

Loại 2

Giữ nguyên (chỉ đổi chủ ngữ nếu cần)

"If I were you, I’d take that opportunity," my friend said.

My friend said that if he were me, he’d take that opportunity.

Loại 3 

Giữ nguyên (chỉ đổi chủ ngữ nếu cần)

“If you had reminded me, I might not have forgotten,” he said.

He said that if I had reminded him, he might not have forgotten.

Trường hợp 

Must mang hàm ý ra lệnh

S + said (that) + S + would have to + V

“You must wear a mask in public places,” the official said.

The official said that people would have to wear masks in public places.

Must mang hàm ý khuyên nhủ

S + said/told + O + (that) + S + must + V

“You must take better care of yourself”, her mother said.

Her mother told her that she must take better care of herself.

Câu tường thuật đặc biệt: Được sử dụng trong cả văn nói và văn viết. Khi chuyển đổi, cần lưu ý thay đổi các từ chỉ thời gian, địa điểm (this → that, here → there...).

Câu tường thuật với V-ing: S + suggested / admitted / denied + V-ing

Câu tường thuật với cấu trúc to V: 

• S + told/asked/ordered/advised + O + to V
• S + promised/refused/agreed/decided/offered + to V

Câu điều kiện trong câu tường thuật: 

• Loại 1: Lùi thì → will → would | hiện tại → quá khứ
• Loại 2, 3: Giữ nguyên thì

Câu tường thuật với must:

• Must = ra lệnh: → dùng would have to
• Must = khuyên nhủ: giữ nguyên must

Câu tường thuật với let:

• Let = ra lệnh: dùng cấu trúc phù hợp (tùy ngữ cảnh)
• Let’s = gợi ý: dùng suggested + V-ing / that + S + should