Last updated on May 26th, 2025
Roman numerals are a way of expressing numbers using symbols. I, V, X, L, C, D, and M are the symbols we use. Roman Numerals are used in royal titles, book names, sequences, and so on. Here we will be discussing Roman Numerals, rules, and examples.
The royal titles, such as Henry I, Henry II, and so on, often use Roman numerals. Have you noticed the names and wondered what these symbols (I and II) represented? Those are Roman Numerals. Earlier people used to count using fingers, sticks, bones, etc. As life became more complex, a standard form was required to count. Ancient Romans used the Roman Numeral system to count. I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000) are the symbols we use to count.
In Roman Numerals, we use CXLIV to represent 144, where C is 100, XL is 40, and IV is 4. Let’s learn more about Roman numerals and how we write them.
There are certain basic rules to write a number in Roman Numerals. In this section, let’s discuss some basic rules that need to be remembered when writing a number in Roman numerals.
Rule 1: Addition Method
The addition method is used when the smaller number is placed after the larger number. For example, VI → V + I → 5 + 1 = 6.
Rule 2: Repetition Method
To write a large number, there are certain Roman Numerals that can be repeated up to three times. III → 3.
Rule 3: Subtraction Method
If a small number is followed by a large number in Roman Numerals, we subtract the smaller number from the large number. For example, IX → X - I → 10 - 1 = 9.
Rule 4: Limitation Rule
The symbols cannot be repeated more than three times, and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, we won't write VV for 10; instead, we use X, and 8 is written as VIII, not IIIIIIII.
Let’s now learn how to write 144 in Roman Numerals. Follow these methods to write the number in Roman Numerals.
In the expansion method, based on the place value, the number is broken down. In this section, we will learn how to write 144 in Roman numerals using the expansion method.
To write 144 in Roman Numerals, follow the steps:
Step 1: Break the number based on the place value. Place values are ones, tens, hundreds, etc.
For 144, we write it as 100 + 40 + 4.
Step 2: Convert the numbers into Roman Numerals:
100 in Roman Numerals — C
40 in Roman Numerals — XL
4 in Roman Numerals — IV
Step 3: Combine them together.
Therefore, 144 in Roman Numerals is C (100) + XL (40) + IV (4) = CXLIV.
When writing a large number into Roman Numerals, we group the number.
To write 144 in Roman Numerals, we group 144 as 100 + 40 + 4.
100 in Roman Numerals — C
40 in Roman Numerals — XL
4 in Roman Numerals — IV
So, 144 is written as CXLIV in Roman Numerals.
Students make mistakes when writing a number in Roman Numerals. To master Roman Numerals, we can learn a few common mistakes and ways to avoid them.
A historian is cataloging CXLIV artifacts from an ancient site. If he wants to divide them equally into a dozen groups, how many artifacts will each group contain?
Each group will contain XII artifacts.
To find the number of artifacts in each group, divide the total number of artifacts by the number of groups.
CXLIV = 144
A dozen groups = 12
144 / 12 = 12
12 in Roman numerals is XII.
A mathematician is calculating the sum of three different Roman numerals: XLVIII, LXXVI, and XX. What is the total in Roman numerals?
The total is CXLIV.
Sum is the result of adding the numbers together.
XLVIII = 48
LXXVI = 76
XX = 20
48 + 76 + 20 = 144
144 in Roman numerals is CXLIV.
A teacher wants to distribute CXLIV apples equally among VIII students. How many apples will each student receive?
Each student will receive XVIII apples.
To determine how many apples each student gets, divide the total apples by the number of students.
CXLIV = 144
VIII = 8
144 / 8 = 18
18 in Roman numerals is XVIII.
Calculate the difference between CL and VI. What is the result in Roman numerals?
The difference is CXLIV.
The difference is determined by subtracting one number from the other.
CL = 150
VI = 6
150 - 6 = 144
144 in Roman numerals is CXLIV.
A researcher is combining two solutions, one with LXXII ml and another with LXXII ml. What is the total volume of the combined solutions in Roman numerals?
The total volume is CXLIV ml.
The total volume is found by adding the two quantities together.
LXXII = 72
LXXII = 72
72 + 72 = 144
144 in Roman numerals is CXLIV.
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
: She loves to read number jokes and games.