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Last updated on September 26, 2025

Polynomial Formula

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In algebra, a polynomial is an expression consisting of variables and coefficients, involving only addition, subtraction, multiplication, and non-negative integer exponents of variables. In this topic, we will explore the basic polynomial formulas relevant to Class 9.

Polynomial Formula for US Students
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List of Polynomial Formulas

Polynomials are fundamental in algebra. Let’s learn the basic formulas for polynomials relevant to Class 9.

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Polynomial Formula for Addition and Subtraction

The addition and subtraction of polynomials involve combining like terms. The general format is:

 

For addition: ((a_nxn + ... + a_1x + a_0) + (b_mxm + ... + b_1x + b_0))

 

For subtraction: \((a_nxn + ... + a_1x + a_0) - (b_mxm + ... + b_1x + b_0))

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Polynomial Formula for Multiplication

The multiplication of polynomials involves multiplying each term in the first polynomial by each term in the second polynomial.

 

For example, ((a + b)(c + d) = ac + ad + bc + bd).

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Polynomial Formula for Division

Polynomial division is typically performed using long division or synthetic division.

 

For example, dividing (x2 + 3x + 2) by (x + 1) results in a quotient and a remainder.

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Importance of Polynomial Formulas

Polynomials are crucial in mathematics and real life.

 

  • They help to model real-world situations, solve equations, and understand algebraic relationships.
     
  • By learning these formulas, students can tackle complex algebraic problems and develop problem-solving skills.
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Tips and Tricks to Memorize Polynomial Formulas

Students often find polynomial formulas tricky.

 

Here are some tips to master them:

 

  • Break down the polynomials into smaller parts and practice combining like terms.
     
  • Use mnemonic devices to remember the order of operations in polynomial expressions.
     
  • Practice repeatedly with different examples to gain confidence.
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Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them While Using Polynomial Formulas

Students often make errors when working with polynomials. Here are some mistakes and ways to avoid them to master polynomial formulas.

Mistake 1

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Not Aligning Like Terms

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Students sometimes forget to align like terms when adding or subtracting polynomials.

 

To avoid this, carefully group and combine like terms.

Mistake 2

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Errors in Sign During Subtraction

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When subtracting polynomials, students often make sign errors.

 

Always distribute the negative sign across the terms of the polynomial being subtracted.

Mistake 3

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Forgetting to Multiply All Terms

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Students may forget to multiply every term in one polynomial by every term in the other.

 

Ensure each term is accounted for in the multiplication process.

Mistake 4

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Mistakes in Polynomial Division

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Students often make errors in polynomial division.

 

Follow each step methodically, checking the quotient and remainder.

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Examples of Problems Using Polynomial Formulas

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Problem 1

Add \(2x^2 + 3x + 4\) and \(x^2 + 5x + 6\).

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The sum is \(3x^2 + 8x + 10\).

Explanation

Combine like terms: (2x2 + x2 = 3x2) (3x + 5x = 8x) (4 + 6 = 10)

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Problem 2

Subtract \(3x^2 + 4x + 5\) from \(5x^2 + 7x + 8\).

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The result is \(2x^2 + 3x + 3\).

Explanation

Subtract the coefficients of like terms: (5x2 - 3x2 = 2x2) (7x - 4x = 3x) (8 - 5 = 3)

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Problem 3

Multiply \((x + 2)\) and \((x + 3)\).

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The product is \(x^2 + 5x + 6\).

Explanation

Use distributive property: (x cdot x = x2) (x cdot 3 = 3x) (2 cdot x = 2x) (2 cdot 3 = 6)

Combine like terms: (x2 + 3x + 2x + 6 = x2 + 5x + 6)

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Problem 4

Divide \(x^2 + 5x + 6\) by \(x + 2\).

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The quotient is \(x + 3\) and remainder is 0.

Explanation

Perform the division: ((x2 + 5x + 6) ÷ (x + 2)) yields (x + 3) with no remainder.

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FAQs on Polynomial Formulas

1.What is a polynomial?

A polynomial is an algebraic expression consisting of variables and coefficients combined using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and non-negative integer exponents.

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2.How do you add polynomials?

To add polynomials, combine like terms by adding their coefficients.

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3.How do you multiply polynomials?

To multiply polynomials, use the distributive property to multiply each term in one polynomial by each term in the other and then combine like terms.

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4.How do you divide polynomials?

Polynomial division can be done using long division or synthetic division, dividing the terms successively and combining like terms.

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5.What is the degree of a polynomial?

The degree of a polynomial is the highest power of the variable in the polynomial.

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Glossary for Polynomial Formulas

  • Polynomial: An algebraic expression with variables and coefficients using operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and non-negative integer exponents.

 

  • Degree: The highest power of the variable in a polynomial.

 

  • Like terms: Terms that have the same variables raised to the same powers.

 

  • Distributive property: A property used to multiply a single term and two or more terms inside a set of parentheses.

 

  • Quotient: The result of division.
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Jaskaran Singh Saluja

About the Author

Jaskaran Singh Saluja is a math wizard with nearly three years of experience as a math teacher. His expertise is in algebra, so he can make algebra classes interesting by turning tricky equations into simple puzzles.

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Fun Fact

: He loves to play the quiz with kids through algebra to make kids love it.

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