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Last updated on July 14th, 2025

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Derivative of e

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The derivative of the function e^x is unique because it is the only function that remains unchanged with differentiation. Derivatives help us calculate rates of change in various contexts. We will now discuss the derivative of e^x in detail.

Derivative of e for US Students
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What is the Derivative of e^x?

We now understand the derivative of e^x. It is commonly represented as d/dx (e^x) or (e^x)', and its value is e^x. The function e^x has a clearly defined derivative, indicating it is differentiable across its entire domain. The key concepts are mentioned below: Exponential Function: e^x is the exponential function where the base is the mathematical constant e. Constant Function Rule: Differentiation of e^x uses the rule that the derivative of a constant multiplied by a function is the constant times the derivative of the function. Chain Rule: Used for differentiating composite functions involving e^x.

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Derivative of e^x Formula

The derivative of e^x can be denoted as d/dx (e^x) or (e^x)'. The formula we use to differentiate e^x is: d/dx (e^x) = e^x The formula applies to all x within the real number set.

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Proofs of the Derivative of e^x

We can derive the derivative of e^x using proofs. To show this, we will use the properties of exponential functions along with the rules of differentiation. There are several methods we use to prove this, such as: By First Principle Using Chain Rule Using Limit Definitions We will now demonstrate that the differentiation of e^x results in e^x using the above-mentioned methods: By First Principle The derivative of e^x can be proved using the First Principle, which expresses the derivative as the limit of the difference quotient. To find the derivative of e^x using the first principle, consider f(x) = e^x. Its derivative can be expressed as the following limit. f'(x) = limₕ→₀ [f(x + h) - f(x)] / h … (1) Given that f(x) = e^x, we write f(x + h) = e^(x + h). Substituting these into equation (1), f'(x) = limₕ→₀ [e^(x + h) - e^x] / h = limₕ→₀ [e^x * e^h - e^x] / h = limₕ→₀ [e^x (e^h - 1)] / h We now use the fact that limₕ→₀ (e^h - 1)/h = 1. f'(x) = e^x * 1 = e^x Hence, proved. Using Chain Rule To prove the differentiation of e^x using the chain rule, Consider y = e^x. Then, if we have a composite function, y = e^(g(x)), we differentiate using: dy/dx = e^(g(x)) * g'(x) For the simpler case y = e^x, g(x) = x, so g'(x) = 1. Thus, dy/dx = e^x * 1 = e^x. Using Limit Definitions We can also use the limit definition of the exponential function. The limit definition of e is given by: e = limₙ→∞ (1 + 1/n)ⁿ Using this, we can derive the derivative: d/dx (e^x) = e^x * limₕ→₀ [(1 + 1/n)^n - 1]/h = e^x Thus the derivative of e^x is e^x.

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Higher-Order Derivatives of e^x

When a function is differentiated multiple times, the derivatives obtained are referred to as higher-order derivatives. Higher-order derivatives of e^x are straightforward to understand because the derivative of e^x remains e^x through successive differentiations. For the first derivative of a function, we write f′(x), which indicates how the function changes or its slope at a certain point. The second derivative is derived from the first derivative, which is denoted using f′′(x). Similarly, the third derivative, f′′′(x), is the result of the second derivative, and this pattern continues. For the nth Derivative of e^x, we denote it as fⁿ(x) = e^x for all n, indicating that the exponential function maintains its form through differentiation.

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Special Cases:

When x approaches negative or positive infinity, the behavior of e^x is exponential growth or decay. When x is 0, the derivative of e^x = e^0, which is 1.

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Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them in Derivatives of e^x

Students frequently make mistakes when differentiating e^x. These mistakes can be resolved by understanding the proper solutions. Here are a few common mistakes and ways to solve them:

Mistake 1

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Incorrect Application of Chain Rule

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Students may forget to apply the chain rule correctly when dealing with composite functions involving e^x. For instance, they might forget to multiply by the derivative of the inner function. Always identify the inner and outer functions and apply the chain rule accordingly.

Mistake 2

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Forgetting Constants

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Students might not remember that when a constant is multiplied by e^x, the constant remains unchanged during differentiation. For example, the derivative of c*e^x is c*e^x, where c is a constant.

Mistake 3

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Misinterpretation of Limit Definitions

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While using limit definitions to prove the derivative of e^x, students might misinterpret the expression. Ensure a proper understanding of limit definitions and practice the derivation steps.

Mistake 4

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Overlooking Higher-Order Derivatives

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There is a tendency to overlook the straightforward nature of higher-order derivatives of e^x. Remember that all higher-order derivatives remain e^x, which simplifies many calculations.

Mistake 5

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Confusing Exponential and Logarithmic Derivatives

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Students often confuse the derivative of e^x with logarithmic derivatives. Remember, the derivative of e^x is e^x, while the derivative of ln(x) is 1/x.

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Examples Using the Derivative of e^x

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Problem 1

Calculate the derivative of (e^x * x²)

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Here, we have f(x) = e^x * x². Using the product rule, f'(x) = u′v + uv′ In the given equation, u = e^x and v = x². Let’s differentiate each term, u′ = d/dx (e^x) = e^x v′ = d/dx (x²) = 2x Substituting into the given equation, f'(x) = (e^x). (x²) + (e^x). (2x) Let’s simplify terms to get the final answer, f'(x) = e^x * x² + 2e^x * x Thus, the derivative of the specified function is e^x * (x² + 2x).

Explanation

We find the derivative of the given function by dividing the function into two parts. The first step is finding its derivative and then combining them using the product rule to get the final result.

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Problem 2

A chemical substance grows exponentially over time, modeled by the function y = e^x, where y represents the amount at time x. If x = 1, determine the rate of growth.

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We have y = e^x (growth of the substance)...(1) Now, we will differentiate equation (1) Take the derivative e^x: dy/dx = e^x Given x = 1 (substitute this into the derivative) dy/dx = e¹ = e Hence, at time x = 1, the rate of growth of the substance is e.

Explanation

We find the rate of growth of the substance at x = 1 as e, which means the substance is growing at a rate equivalent to the value of the natural constant e.

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Problem 3

Derive the second derivative of the function y = e^x.

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The first step is to find the first derivative, dy/dx = e^x...(1) Now we will differentiate equation (1) to get the second derivative: d²y/dx² = d/dx [e^x] Since the derivative of e^x is e^x, d²y/dx² = e^x Therefore, the second derivative of the function y = e^x is e^x.

Explanation

We use the step-by-step process, where we start with the first derivative. We then differentiate e^x again, which results in the same function, e^x, illustrating the unique property of exponential functions.

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Problem 4

Prove: d/dx (e^(2x)) = 2e^(2x).

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Let’s start using the chain rule: Consider y = e^(2x) To differentiate, we use the chain rule: dy/dx = e^(2x) * d/dx [2x] Since the derivative of 2x is 2, dy/dx = e^(2x) * 2 Thus, d/dx (e^(2x)) = 2e^(2x) Hence proved.

Explanation

In this step-by-step process, we used the chain rule to differentiate the equation. We replaced the inner function's derivative and multiplied it with e^(2x) to derive the equation.

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Problem 5

Solve: d/dx (e^x/x)

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To differentiate the function, we use the quotient rule: d/dx (e^x/x) = (d/dx (e^x) * x - e^x * d/dx(x))/ x² We will substitute d/dx (e^x) = e^x and d/dx (x) = 1 = (e^x * x - e^x * 1) / x² = (x * e^x - e^x) / x² = e^x * (x - 1) / x² Therefore, d/dx (e^x/x) = e^x * (x - 1) / x²

Explanation

In this process, we differentiate the given function using the quotient rule. As a final step, we simplify the equation to obtain the final result.

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FAQs on the Derivative of e^x

1.Find the derivative of e^x.

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2.Can we use the derivative of e^x in real life?

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3.Is it possible to take the derivative of e^x at any point?

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4.What rule is used to differentiate e^x/x?

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5.Are the derivatives of e^x and e^(ln x) the same?

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Important Glossaries for the Derivative of e^x

Derivative: The derivative of a function indicates how the given function changes in response to a slight change in x. Exponential Function: An exponential function is a mathematical function of the form e^x, where e is the constant approximately equal to 2.71828. Chain Rule: A rule for differentiating compositions of functions, used when a function is composed of an outer function and an inner function. First Principle: A method of finding a derivative using the limit of the difference quotient. Higher-Order Derivative: Successive derivatives of a function, representing rates of change of rates of change.

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Jaskaran Singh Saluja

About the Author

Jaskaran Singh Saluja is a math wizard with nearly three years of experience as a math teacher. His expertise is in algebra, so he can make algebra classes interesting by turning tricky equations into simple puzzles.

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Fun Fact

: He loves to play the quiz with kids through algebra to make kids love it.

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