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Last updated on March 28th, 2025
Roman numerals are a system of expressing numbers using specific symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D, and M. Roman Numerals are often used in royalty titles, book chapters, sequences, and more. Here, we will discuss Roman Numerals, their rules, and examples.
You may have seen royal titles like Henry I, Henry II, and wondered about these symbols (I, II). These are Roman Numerals. In ancient times, people used fingers, sticks, and bones for counting. With increasing complexity, a standardized system was needed, leading to the Roman Numeral system. The symbols I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000) form its basis.
In Roman Numerals, 94 is written as XCIV, where XC represents 90 (100 - 10) and IV represents 4 (5 - 1). Let’s explore Roman numerals further and understand how to write them.
There are certain basic rules to write numbers in Roman Numerals. Here are some essential rules to remember:
Rule 1: Addition Method
When a smaller numeral follows a larger one, their values are added. For example, VI → V + I → 5 + 1 = 6.
Rule 2: Repetition Method
Certain Roman Numerals can be repeated up to three times to represent numbers. For example, III → 3.
Rule 3: Subtraction Method
If a smaller numeral precedes a larger numeral, the smaller is subtracted from the larger. For example, IX → X - I → 10 - 1 = 9.
Rule 4: Limitation Rule
Symbols cannot be repeated more than three times, and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, we don't write VV for 10; instead, we use X.
Let’s learn how to write 94 using Roman Numerals by applying these methods:
In the expansion method, a number is broken down based on place value. Let's write 94 using this approach:
Step 1: Break down the number based on place value: 90 + 4.
Step 2: Convert each part into Roman Numerals:
Step 3: Combine the Roman Numerals:
-Therefore, 94 in Roman Numerals is XC + IV = XCIV.
When writing large numbers in Roman Numerals, we group them based on values:
For 94: Group as 90 + 4
So, 94 is written as XCIV.
A historian discovers a document mentioning the years XC and IV. What is the sum of these two years?
A museum needs to allocate CCLXXXII artifacts evenly into III exhibits. How many artifacts will each exhibit receive?
Find the product of VII and XIV.
Calculate the difference between C and VI.
Write the Roman numeral for 50 + 44 using the expansion method.
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
: She loves to read number jokes and games.