Last updated on May 26th, 2025
Roman numerals are a way of expressing numbers using symbols. I, V, X, L, C, D, and M are the symbols we use. Roman Numerals are used in royal titles, book names, sequences, and so on. Here we will be discussing Roman Numerals, rules, and examples.
The royal titles, such as Henry I, Henry II, and so on. Have you noticed the names and wondered what these symbols (I and II) represented? Those are the Roman Numerals. Earlier people used to count using fingers, sticks, bones, etc. When life became complex, a standard form was required to count.
Ancient Romans used the Roman Numeral system to count. The symbols are I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000). In Roman Numerals, we use DCLXXXIX to represent 689, where D is 500, C is 100, L is 50, XXX is 30 (10+10+10), and IX is 9.
Let’s learn more about Roman numerals and how we write them.
There are certain basic rules to write a number in Roman Numerals. In this section, let’s discuss some basic rules that need to be remembered when writing a number in Roman numerals.
The addition method is used when a smaller number is placed after a larger number. For example, VI → V + I → 5 + 1 = 6.
To write a large number, certain Roman Numerals can be repeated up to three times. For example, XXX → 30 (X is repeated three times).
If a small number is followed by a large number in Roman Numerals, we subtract the smaller number from the larger number. For example, IX → X - I → 10 - 1 = 9.
The symbols cannot be repeated more than three times, and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, 10 is written as X, not VV.
Let’s now learn how to write 689 in Roman Numerals. Follow these methods to write the number in Roman Numerals:
In the expansion method, based on the place value, the number is broken down. In this section, we will learn how to write 689 in Roman numerals using the expansion method. To write 689 in Roman Numerals, follow the steps:
Step 1: Break the number based on place value. Place values are ones, tens, hundreds, etc. For 689, we write it as 500 + 100 + 50 + 30 + 9.
Step 2: Converting each number into Roman Numerals:
Step 3: Combine the Roman Numerals together: Therefore, 689 in Roman Numerals is DCLXXXIX.
When writing a large number into Roman Numerals, we group the number. To write 689 in Roman Numerals, we group 689 as 500 + 100 + 50 + 30 + 9.
So, 689 is written as DCLXXXIX in Roman Numerals.
Students make mistakes when writing a number in Roman Numerals. To master Roman Numerals, we can learn a few common mistakes and the ways to avoid them.
A historian is analyzing ancient Roman artifacts and finds a document mentioning the numbers DCLXXXVIII and CXI. What is the sum of these numbers?
The sum of DCLXXXVIII and CXI is DCCXCIX.
To find the sum of the two numbers:
DCLXXXVIII = 688
CXI = 111
688 + 111 = 799
799 in Roman Numerals is DCCXCIX.
An architect is designing a building with DCLXXXVIII columns, and they plan to divide them into XX rows. How many columns will be in each row?
Each row will have XXXIV columns.
To find the number of columns per row, divide the total number of columns by the number of rows:
DCLXXXVIII = 688
XX = 20
688 / 20 = 34
34 in Roman Numerals is XXXIV.
A historian discovers a ledger indicating that a Roman merchant sold goods worth DCLXXXVIII denarii in one transaction and CDLIII denarii in another. What is the total value of the transactions?
The total value of the transactions is MCXLI denarii.
To find the total value, add the two amounts:
DCLXXXVIII = 688
CDLIII = 453
688 + 453 = 1141
1141 in Roman Numerals is MCXLI.
During an archaeological dig, a tablet is found that states DCLXXXVIII soldiers marched from Rome, but CCCXLIX returned. How many soldiers did not return?
The number of soldiers who did not return is CCCXXXIX.
To find the number of soldiers who did not return, subtract the number of returning soldiers from the total:
DCLXXXVIII = 688
CCCXLIX = 349
688 - 349 = 339
339 in Roman Numerals is CCCXXXIX.
Convert the sum of CCC and CCCLXXXVIII into Roman numerals using the expansion method.
The Roman numeral for the sum of CCC and CCCLXXXVIII is DCLXXXVIII.
Step 1: Convert the numbers to Roman numerals:
CCC = 300
CCCLXXXVIII = 388
Step 2: Add the numbers together: 300 + 388 = 688
Step 3: Using the expansion method, 688 can be broken down as: 600 + 80 + 8 = DCLXXXVIII.
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
: She loves to read number jokes and games.