438 in Roman Numerals

The royal titles, such as Henry I, Henry II, and so on. Have you noticed the names and wondered what these symbols (I and II) represented? Those are the Roman Numerals.

Earlier people used to count using fingers, sticks, bones, etc. to count earlier. When life became complex a standard form was required to count. Ancient Romans used the Roman Numeral system to count. I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000) are the symbols we use to count.

In Roman Numerals, we use CDXXXVIII to represent 438, where CD is 400, XXX is 30, and VIII is 8. Let’s learn more about Roman numerals and how we write them.

There are certain basic rules to write a number in Roman Numerals. In this section, let’s discuss some basic rules that need to be remembered when writing a number in Roman numerals.

Rule 1: Addition Method

The addition method is used when the smaller number is placed after the larger number. For example, VIII → V + I + I + I → 5 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 8.

Rule 2: Repetition Method

To write a large number, there are certain Roman Numerals that can be repeated three times. XXX → 30.

Rule 3: Subtraction Method

If a small number is followed by a large number in Roman Numerals, we subtract the smaller number from the large number. For example, CD → D - C → 500 - 100 = 400.

Rule 4: Limitation Rule

The symbols cannot be repeated more than three times and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, we won't write CCCC for 400; instead, we use CD.

Let’s now learn how to write 438 in Roman Numerals. Follow these methods to write the number in Roman Numerals.

• By Expansion Method
• By Grouping Method

In the expansion method, based on the place value, the number is broken down. In this section, we will learn how to write 438 in Roman numerals using the expansion method. To write 438 in Roman Numerals, follow the steps:

Step 1: The number is broken based on the place value, which includes ones, tens, hundreds, etc. For 438, we write it as 400 + 30 + 8.

Step 2: Converting the number into Roman Numerals:

400 in Roman Numerals - CD

30 in Roman Numerals - XXX

8 in Roman Numerals - VIII

Step 3: Combining them together: Therefore, 438 in Roman Numerals is CD (400) + XXX (30) + VIII (8) = CDXXXVIII.

When writing a large number into Roman Numerals, we group the number. To write 438 in Roman Numerals, we group 438 as 400 + 30 + 8:

400 in Roman Numeral — CD

30 in Roman Numeral — XXX

8 in Roman Numeral — VIII

So, 438 is written as CDXXXVIII in Roman Numerals.

Roman Numerals follow a certain pattern making them look similar. In this section, we will learn some numbers related to the Roman numeral 438:

• Addition rule: The addition method is used when a large number is followed by a smaller numeral, here the values are added. For example, VIII = V + III = 5 + 3 = 8.

• Subtraction rule: This is used when a smaller numeral precedes a larger numeral, indicating subtraction. For example, CD = 500 - 100 = 400.

• Grouping method: Here, the given numbers are grouped based on their place value and then converted into Roman numerals. For example, 438 = 400 + 30 + 8 = CDXXXVIII.

• Repetition rule: Certain symbols (I, X, C, M) can be repeated only up to three times. For example, XXX = 30 (X is repeated three times).

• Expansion method: This involves breaking down a number into its constituent values to convert it into Roman numerals. For example, 438 = 400 + 30 + 8 = CDXXXVIII.