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Last updated on July 18th, 2025

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Derivative of e to the -x

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We use the derivative of e^(-x), which is -e^(-x), as a measuring tool for how the exponential function changes in response to a slight change in x. Derivatives help us calculate profit or loss in real-life situations. We will now talk about the derivative of e^(-x) in detail.

Derivative of e to the -x for Canadian Students
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What is the Derivative of e to the -x?

We now understand the derivative of e^(-x). It is commonly represented as d/dx (e^(-x)) or (e^(-x))', and its value is -e^(-x). The function e^(-x) has a clearly defined derivative, indicating it is differentiable within its domain. The key concepts are mentioned below: Exponential Function: (e^(-x) is the exponential function with a negative exponent). Chain Rule: Rule for differentiating e^(-x) due to its composite nature. Negative Exponent Rule: Differentiation involving a function raised to a negative power.

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Derivative of e to the -x Formula

The derivative of e^(-x) can be denoted as d/dx (e^(-x)) or (e^(-x))'. The formula we use to differentiate e^(-x) is: d/dx (e^(-x)) = -e^(-x) (or) (e^(-x))' = -e^(-x) This formula applies to all x in the domain of real numbers.

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Proofs of the Derivative of e to the -x

We can derive the derivative of e^(-x) using proofs. To show this, we will use the chain rule along with the rules of differentiation. There are several methods we use to prove this, such as: Using Chain Rule We will now demonstrate that the differentiation of e^(-x) results in -e^(-x) using the chain rule: Using Chain Rule To prove the differentiation of e^(-x) using the chain rule, we use the formula: e^(-x) = e^(u), where u = -x By the chain rule: d/dx [e^(u)] = e^(u) * u' Let’s substitute u = -x, so u' = d/dx (-x) = -1 d/dx (e^(-x)) = e^(-x) * (-1) = -e^(-x) Hence, proved.

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Higher-Order Derivatives of e to the -x

When a function is differentiated several times, the derivatives obtained are referred to as higher-order derivatives. Higher-order derivatives can be a little tricky. To understand them better, think of a car where the speed changes (first derivative) and the rate at which the speed changes (second derivative) also changes. Higher-order derivatives make it easier to understand functions like e^(-x). For the first derivative of a function, we write f′(x), which indicates how the function changes or its slope at a certain point. The second derivative is derived from the first derivative, which is denoted using f′′(x). Similarly, the third derivative, f′′′(x), is the result of the second derivative, and this pattern continues. For the nth Derivative of e^(-x), we generally use f^(n)(x) for the nth derivative of a function f(x), which tells us the change in the rate of change (continuing for higher-order derivatives).

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Special Cases:

When x is extremely large (approaching positive infinity), the derivative approaches zero since e^(-x) approaches zero. When x is 0, the derivative of e^(-x) = -e^(0), which is -1.

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Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them in Derivatives of e to the -x

Students frequently make mistakes when differentiating e^(-x). These mistakes can be resolved by understanding the proper solutions. Here are a few common mistakes and ways to solve them:

Mistake 1

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Not Applying the Chain Rule

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Students often forget to use the chain rule when differentiating e^(-x). This happens when they do not consider the derivative of the inner function. To fix this error, students should recognize that the function is composite and apply the chain rule correctly.

Mistake 2

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Ignoring the Negative Sign

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Students might forget the negative sign when differentiating e^(-x), leading to incorrect results. Ensure that each step is written carefully, and remember to multiply by the derivative of the inner function, which is -1 in this case.

Mistake 3

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Confusing the Base with the Exponent

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Students sometimes confuse the base e with the exponent -x, leading to errors in the differentiation process. The base e remains unchanged while the exponent's derivative is considered.

Mistake 4

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Incorrect Use of the Power Rule

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While differentiating, students might incorrectly attempt to apply the power rule directly to e^(-x). However, the power rule is not applicable here since e is a constant base.

Mistake 5

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Not Recognizing the Function's Domain

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It is crucial to recognize that e^(-x) is defined for all real numbers. Students should consider the domain when differentiating to avoid errors in understanding where the function and its derivative are applicable.

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Examples Using the Derivative of e to the -x

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Problem 1

Calculate the derivative of (e^(-x) * sin(x)).

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Here, we have f(x) = e^(-x) * sin(x). Using the product rule, f'(x) = u′v + uv′ In the given equation, u = e^(-x) and v = sin(x). Let’s differentiate each term, u′ = d/dx (e^(-x)) = -e^(-x) v′ = d/dx (sin(x)) = cos(x) Substituting into the given equation, f'(x) = (-e^(-x)) * sin(x) + e^(-x) * cos(x) Let’s simplify terms to get the final answer, f'(x) = e^(-x) * (cos(x) - sin(x)) Thus, the derivative of the specified function is e^(-x) * (cos(x) - sin(x)).

Explanation

We find the derivative of the given function by dividing the function into two parts. The first step is finding its derivative and then combining them using the product rule to get the final result.

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Problem 2

A population of bacteria decreases exponentially over time. The population at time t is represented by the function P(t) = e^(-0.5t). Find the rate of change of the population at t = 2.

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We have P(t) = e^(-0.5t) (population function)...(1) Now, we will differentiate the equation (1) Take the derivative: dP/dt = -0.5e^(-0.5t) Given t = 2, substitute this into the derivative: dP/dt = -0.5e^(-0.5 * 2) = -0.5e^(-1) Hence, the rate of change of the population at t = 2 is -0.5e^(-1).

Explanation

We find the rate of change of the population at t = 2, which is negative, indicating that the population is decreasing at this point in time.

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Problem 3

Derive the second derivative of the function y = e^(-x).

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The first step is to find the first derivative, dy/dx = -e^(-x)...(1) Now we will differentiate equation (1) to get the second derivative: d²y/dx² = d/dx [-e^(-x)] d²y/dx² = -(-e^(-x)) d²y/dx² = e^(-x) Therefore, the second derivative of the function y = e^(-x) is e^(-x).

Explanation

We use the step-by-step process, where we start with the first derivative. By differentiating again, we find that the second derivative is simply e^(-x).

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Problem 4

Prove: d/dx (e^(-2x)) = -2e^(-2x).

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Let’s start using the chain rule: Consider y = e^(-2x) To differentiate, we use the chain rule: dy/dx = e^(-2x) * d/dx(-2x) Since the derivative of -2x is -2, dy/dx = e^(-2x) * (-2) d/dx (e^(-2x)) = -2e^(-2x) Hence proved.

Explanation

In this step-by-step process, we used the chain rule to differentiate the equation. Then, we replace -2x with its derivative and simplify to derive the equation.

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Problem 5

Solve: d/dx (e^(-x)/x).

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To differentiate the function, we use the quotient rule: d/dx (e^(-x)/x) = (d/dx (e^(-x)) * x - e^(-x) * d/dx(x))/ x² We will substitute d/dx (e^(-x)) = -e^(-x) and d/dx (x) = 1 (-e^(-x) * x - e^(-x) * 1) / x² = (-xe^(-x) - e^(-x)) / x² = -e^(-x)(x + 1) / x² Therefore, d/dx (e^(-x)/x) = -e^(-x)(x + 1) / x².

Explanation

In this process, we differentiate the given function using the product rule and quotient rule. As a final step, we simplify the equation to obtain the final result.

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FAQs on the Derivative of e to the -x

1.Find the derivative of e^(-x).

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2.Can we use the derivative of e^(-x) in real life?

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3.Is the derivative of e^(-x) defined for all real numbers?

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4.What rule is used to differentiate e^(-x)/x?

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5.Are the derivatives of e^(-x) and e^x the same?

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Important Glossaries for the Derivative of e to the -x

Derivative: The derivative of a function indicates how the given function changes in response to a slight change in x. Exponential Function: A function of the form e^(x) or e^(-x), where e is the base of the natural logarithm. Chain Rule: A rule in calculus used to differentiate composite functions. Product Rule: A rule in calculus used to differentiate products of two functions. Quotient Rule: A rule in calculus used to differentiate ratios of two functions.

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Jaskaran Singh Saluja

About the Author

Jaskaran Singh Saluja is a math wizard with nearly three years of experience as a math teacher. His expertise is in algebra, so he can make algebra classes interesting by turning tricky equations into simple puzzles.

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Fun Fact

: He loves to play the quiz with kids through algebra to make kids love it.

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