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Last updated on March 28th, 2025
Roman numerals are a way of expressing numbers using symbols. The symbols used are I, V, X, L, C, D, and M. Roman numerals are commonly found in royal titles, book names, sequences, and more. In this article, we will discuss Roman numerals, their rules, and examples.
Royal titles such as Henry I, Henry II, etc., use Roman numerals. Have you noticed these symbols and wondered what they represent? They are the Roman numerals. Long ago, people used fingers, sticks, bones, etc., for counting. As life became more complex, a standard form of counting was needed, leading the ancient Romans to develop the Roman numeral system. The symbols I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000) are used in this system.
In Roman numerals, we use XCIII to represent 93, where XC is 90 and III is 3. Let’s learn more about Roman numerals and how we write them.
There are certain basic rules to write a number in Roman numerals. In this section, let’s discuss some basic rules that need to be remembered when writing numbers in Roman numerals.
Rule 1: Addition Method
The addition method is used when a smaller number is placed after a larger number. For example, III → I + I + I → 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
Rule 2: Repetition Method
To write larger numbers, certain Roman numerals can be repeated up to three times. III → 3.
Rule 3: Subtraction Method
If a smaller number precedes a larger number in Roman numerals, the smaller number is subtracted from the larger number. For example, XC → C - X → 100 - 10 = 90
Rule 4: Limitation Rule
The symbols cannot be repeated more than three times, and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, we won't write VV for 10; instead, we use X. Similarly, for 8, we write VIII and not IIIIIIII.
Let’s now learn how to write 93 in Roman numerals. Follow these methods to write the number in Roman numerals.
In the expansion method, the number is broken down based on place value. Here's how to write 93 in Roman numerals using the expansion method.
To write 93 in Roman numerals, follow these steps:
Step 1: Break the number based on place value: tens, ones, etc.
For 93, we write it as 90 + 3.
Step 2: Convert each number into Roman numerals:
Step 3: Combine the Roman numerals together:
Therefore, 93 in Roman numerals is XC (90) + III (3) = XCIII.
When writing a large number in Roman numerals, we group the number. To write 93 in Roman numerals, we group 93 as 90 + 3.
So, 93 is written as XCIII in Roman numerals.
A historian is cataloging ancient scrolls and finds that there are XLV scrolls in one collection and XLVIII scrolls in another. What is the total number of scrolls in Roman numerals
A museum has a display with CCLXIX artifacts, and they decide to distribute them equally into III exhibits. How many artifacts will each exhibit contain?
A Roman legion was composed of CCXC soldiers, who were trained in groups of III. How many such groups can be formed?
A mathematician adds XLVI and XLVII. What is the sum in Roman numerals?
Write the Roman Numeral for 50 + 43 using the expansion method.
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
: She loves to read number jokes and games.