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Last updated on March 11th, 2025
Roman numerals are a way of expressing numbers using symbols. I, V, X, L, C, D, and M are the symbols used. Roman Numerals are used in royal titles, book names, sequences, and more. Here we will be discussing Roman Numerals, rules, and examples.
The royal titles, such as Henry I, Henry II, and so on, have numerical symbols that represent their order. These symbols are Roman Numerals. Earlier people counted using fingers, sticks, bones, etc. As life became complex, a standard form was required to count.
Ancient Romans used the Roman Numeral system to count. I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000) are the symbols used to count. In Roman Numerals, we use DCXCIX to represent 699, where D is 500, C is 100, XC is 90, and IX is 9.
Let’s learn more about Roman numerals and how we write them.
There are certain basic rules to write a number in Roman Numerals. In this section, let’s discuss some basic rules that need to be remembered when writing a number in Roman numerals.
The addition method is used when the smaller number is placed after the larger number. For example, VI → V + I → 5 + 1 = 6.
To write a larger number, certain Roman Numerals can be repeated up to three times, like III → 3.
If a small number is followed by a large number in Roman Numerals, we subtract the smaller number from the large number. For example, IV → V - I → 5 - 1 = 4.
Symbols cannot be repeated more than three times, and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, instead of VV for 10, we use X; for 8, we write VIII, not IIIIIIII.
Let’s now learn how to write 699 in Roman Numerals. Follow these methods to write the number in Roman Numerals:
In the expansion method, based on the place value, the number is broken down. In this section, we will learn how to write 699 in Roman numerals using the expansion method. To write 699 in Roman Numerals, follow these steps:
Step 1: Break the number based on the place value: hundreds, tens, and ones. For 699, we write it as 600 + 90 + 9.
Step 2: Convert the numbers into Roman Numerals:
Step 3: Combine the Roman Numerals together. Therefore, 699 in Roman Numerals is DC (600) + XC (90) + IX (9) = DCXCIX.
When writing a large number into Roman Numerals, we group the numbers. To write 699 in Roman Numerals, we group 699 as 600 + 90 + 9.
So, 699 is written as DCXCIX in Roman Numerals.
Addition rule: The addition method is used when a smaller numeral follows a larger one, and their values are added. For example, VI = V + I = 5 + 1 = 6. Grouping method: Here, the given numbers are grouped based on their place value and then converted into Roman numerals. For example, 699 = 600 + 90 + 9 = DCXCIX. Repetition rule: Certain symbols (I, X, C, M) in the Roman numeric system can be repeated up to three times. For example, III = 3 (I is repeated three times to represent the number 3). Subtraction rule: The subtraction method is used when a smaller numeral precedes a larger one, and the smaller value is subtracted from the larger. For example, IV = V - I = 5 - 1 = 4. Combination rule: This involves combining different Roman numeral symbols to form numbers, such as combining D, C, XC, and IX to form DCXCIX for 699.
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
: She loves to read number jokes and games.