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Last updated on March 29th, 2025
Roman numerals are a system for expressing numbers using symbols. I, V, X, L, C, D, and M are the symbols we use. Roman numerals are found in royal titles, book names, sequences, and more. Here we will be discussing Roman numerals, rules, and examples.
Royal titles, such as Henry I, Henry II, and so on, often use Roman numerals. Have you noticed these symbols (I, II) and wondered what they represent? Those are Roman numerals. In ancient times, people used fingers, sticks, bones, etc., to count. As life became complex, a standard form was required. Ancient Romans used the Roman numeral system to count. I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000) are the symbols used in this system.
In Roman numerals, we use CCLIV to represent 254, where C is 100, L is 50, and IV is 4. Let’s learn more about Roman numerals and how we write them.
There are certain basic rules to write a number in Roman numerals. In this section, let’s discuss some basic rules that need to be remembered when writing a number in Roman numerals.
Rule 1: Addition Method
The addition method is used when a smaller number is placed after a larger number. For example, CCL → C + C + L → 100 + 100 + 50 = 250.
Rule 2: Repetition Method
To write a large number, certain Roman numerals can be repeated up to three times. CCC → 300.
Rule 3: Subtraction Method
If a small number precedes a larger number in Roman numerals, we subtract the smaller number from the larger number. For example, IV → V - I → 5 - 1 = 4.
Rule 4: Limitation Rule
The symbols cannot be repeated more than three times, and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, we won't write LL for 100; instead, we use C, and 80 we write as LXXX, not LLLLLL.
Let’s now learn how to write 254 in Roman numerals. Follow these methods to write the number in Roman numerals.
In the expansion method, based on place value, the number is broken down. In this section, we will learn how to write 254 in Roman numerals using the expansion method.
To write 254 in Roman numerals, follow these steps:
Step 1: Break down the number based on place value: hundreds, tens, and ones.
For 254, we write it as 200 + 50 + 4.
Step 2: Convert the numbers into Roman numerals:
200 in Roman numerals — CC
50 in Roman numerals — L
4 in Roman numerals — IV
Step 3: Combine them
Therefore, 254 in Roman numerals is CC (200) + L (50) + IV (4) = CCLIV.
When writing a large number into Roman numerals, we group the number.
To write 254 in Roman numerals, we group it as 200 + 50 + 4.
200 in Roman numerals — CC
50 in Roman numerals — L
4 in Roman numerals — IV
So, 254 is written as CCLIV in Roman numerals.
Students often make mistakes when writing numbers in Roman numerals. To master Roman numerals, we can learn a few common mistakes and ways to avoid them.
A historian is cataloging artifacts and finds a box containing CCLIV coins. He plans to distribute them equally among IIIV (8) museums. How many coins will each museum receive?
The number of coins each museum will receive is XXXII.
To find the number of coins each museum receives, we divide the total number of coins by the number of museums:
CCLIV = 254
IIIV = 8
Therefore, 254 / 8 = 31.75. Since each museum must receive whole coins, they each receive XXXII (32), and some coins might be left undistributed.
A math competition requires each participant to solve a problem involving the sum of CCLIV and XCVI. What is the sum in Roman numerals?
The sum of CCLIV and XCVI is CCCL.
Sum is the result of adding two numbers:
CCLIV = 254
XCVI = 96
254 + 96 = 350
350 in Roman Numerals is CCCL.
An architect is designing a building with a total height of CCLIV feet. If the first floor takes up LXXV feet, how much height is left for the remaining floors?
The remaining height for the floors is CLXXIX.
The difference is found by subtracting the height of the first floor from the total height:
CCLIV = 254
LXXV = 75
254 - 75 = 179
179 in Roman Numerals is CLXXIX.
A scientist records the temperature change from XXIII degrees to CCLIV degrees over a week. What is the increase in temperature in Roman numerals?
The increase in temperature is CCXXXI.
The increase is calculated by subtracting the initial temperature from the final temperature:
CCLIV = 254
XXIII = 23
254 - 23 = 231
231 in Roman Numerals is CCXXXI.
Convert the sum of 200 and 54 into Roman Numerals using the expansion method.
The Roman numeral for 200 + 54 is CCLIV.
Step 1: Convert each number into Roman numerals:
200 = CC
54 = LIV
Add the numbers together:
200 + 54 = 254
Using the expansion method: 254 = 200 + 50 + 4 = CCLIV.
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
: She loves to read number jokes and games.