Last updated on May 26th, 2025
Roman numerals are a way of expressing numbers using symbols. I, V, X, L, C, D, and M are the symbols we use. Roman numerals are used in royal titles, book names, sequences, and more. Here we will be discussing Roman numerals, rules, and examples.
Royal titles such as Henry I, Henry II, and so on use Roman numerals. Have you noticed these symbols and wondered what they represent? Those are Roman numerals.
In earlier times, people used fingers, sticks, bones, etc., to count. As life became complex, a standard form was required for counting. Ancient Romans used the Roman numeral system: I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000) to count.
In Roman numerals, we use CDXLII to represent 442. Let's learn more about Roman numerals and how we write them.
There are certain basic rules for writing a number in Roman numerals. In this section, let's discuss some basic rules that need to be remembered when writing a number in Roman numerals.
The addition method is used when a smaller number is placed after a larger number. For example, XII → X + II → 10 + 2 = 12.
To write a larger number, certain Roman numerals can be repeated up to three times. For example, III → 3.
If a smaller numeral precedes a larger numeral, we subtract the smaller number from the larger one. For example, IX → X - I → 10 - 1 = 9.
Symbols cannot be repeated more than three times, and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, we won't write VV for 10; instead, we use X. For 8, we write VIII, not IIIIIIII.
Let's now learn how to write 442 in Roman numerals. Follow these methods to write the number in Roman numerals:
In the expansion method, the number is broken down based on the place value. In this section, we will learn how to write 442 in Roman numerals using the expansion method. To write 442 in Roman numerals, follow these steps:
Step 1: Break the number based on place value: hundreds, tens, ones. For 442, we write it as 400 + 40 + 2.
Step 2: Convert each number into Roman numerals:
400 in Roman numeral - CD
40 in Roman numeral - XL
2 in Roman numeral - II
Step 3: Combine the Roman numerals together. Therefore, 442 in Roman numerals is CD (400) + XL (40) + II (2) = CDXLII
When writing a large number in Roman numerals, we group the number. To write 442 in Roman numerals, group 442 as 400 + 40 + 2:
So, 442 is written as CDXLII in Roman numerals.
Students make mistakes when writing a number in Roman numerals. To master Roman numerals, we can learn a few common mistakes and the ways to avoid them.
A historian finds CDXLII ancient coins and divides them equally among VII archaeologists. How many coins does each archaeologist receive?
Each archaeologist receives LXIII coins.
To find out how many coins each archaeologist receives, divide the total number of coins by the number of archaeologists.
CDXLII = 442
VII = 7
442 / 7 = 63 63 in Roman numerals is LXIII.
Calculate the sum of CDXLII and LXXXVIII.
The sum of CDXLII and LXXXVIII is DXXX.
To find the sum, add the two numbers.
CDXLII = 442
LXXXVIII = 88
442 + 88 = 530 530 in Roman numerals is DXXX.
A collector purchases a painting for CDXLII dollars and later sells it for DII dollars. What was the profit?
The profit was LX dollars.
Profit is calculated by subtracting the purchase price from the selling price.
Selling price = DII = 502
Purchase price = CDXLII = 442
502 - 442 = 60
60 in Roman numerals is LX.
A puzzle requires finding the difference between CM and CDXLII. What is the difference?
The difference between CM and CDXLII is CDLVI.
To find the difference, subtract the smaller number from the larger one.
CM = 900
CDXLII = 442
900 - 442 = 458
458 in Roman numerals is CDLVI.
Express 442 multiplied by II in Roman numerals using the expansion method.
The Roman numeral for 442 multiplied by II is DCCCLXXXIV.
Step 1: Convert the numbers 442 and 2 into Roman numerals.
442 = CDXLII
2 = II
Multiply the numbers: 442 × 2 = 884
Using the expansion method: 884 = 800 + 80 + 4 = DCCCLXXXIV.
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
: She loves to read number jokes and games.