140 LearnersLast updated on May 26th, 2025
CII in Roman Numerals
To meet their daily commerce and administration needs, the ancient Romans developed Roman Numerals. It used a combination of seven symbols — I, V, X, L, C, D, and M to represent numbers. Roman numerals were used to record transactions, keep track of data, and label military units. In this topic, we are going to learn about the Roman numeral CII.
What is CII in Roman Numerals?
Ancient Romans discovered that counting fingers could get very complicated after 10. So to overcome the complexity, the Roman numeric system was developed. This was widely used throughout Europe as a standard writing system until the late Middle Ages. Seven symbols are used to represent numbers in the Roman numeric system — I, V, X, L, C, D, and M. The numerals are made up of different combinations of these symbols. CII in Roman numerals can be written in number form by adding the values of each Roman numeral, i.e., CII = 102.
Let us learn more about the Roman numeral CII, how we write them, the mistakes we usually make, and ways to avoid these mistakes.
Basic Rules for CII in Roman Numerals
When writing Roman numerals, there are a few rules that we need to follow based on the Roman numerals we are trying to write. In this section, we will learn about the rules when writing Roman numerals and how to represent them.
Rule 1: Addition Method:
When a larger symbol is followed by a smaller symbol, we add the numerals to each other. For example, in XVI, we have 10 + 5 + 1 = 16.
Rule 2: Repetition Method:
A symbol that is repeated three times in continuation increases the value of the numeral. For example, CCC = 300.
Rule 3: Subtraction Method:
We use the subtraction method when a larger symbol follows a smaller symbol. For example, XC = 90 (which is 100 – 10).
Rule 4: Limitation Rule:
Symbols cannot be repeated more than three times, and some symbols, such as V, L, and D cannot be repeated more than once. For example, 50 is represented as L and not XXXXX.
How to Write CII in Roman Numerals?
Let us learn about how to write CII in Roman numerals. There are two methods that we can use to write Roman numerals:
- By Expansion Method
- By Grouping Method
CII in Roman Numeral by Expansion Method
The breaking down of Roman numerals into parts and then converting them into numerals is what we call the expansion method. The expansion method is the breaking down of Roman numerals into numerical form and adding them to get the final number.
Step 1: Break the Roman numerals into parts.
Step 2: Now write each of the Roman numerals with its numerical digit in the place value.
Step 3: Add the numerals together.
For CII,
Step 1: First we break the Roman numerals. CII = C + I + I
Step 2: Write the Roman Numerals for each part. The Roman Numeral C is 100. The Roman Numeral I is 1.
Step 3: Combine all the numbers. C + I + I = 100 + 1 + 1 = 102. Therefore, the Roman Numeral CII is 102.
CII in Roman Numeral by Grouping Method
Using subtraction and addition rules, we will apply the grouping method. This means we break the Roman numerals into smaller groups, which makes it easier to work with. This method groups the Roman numerals logically, and then we write the numbers for each group.
Step 1: Take the largest number and write the number for that Roman numeral.
Step 2: Write the Roman numeral using the subtraction and addition rules.
Example: Let’s take the Roman numeral CII.
Step 1: The larger Roman numerals are what we will begin with. Once split, the Roman numerals we get are C and II. The numeral for C is 100.
Step 2: Now we need to either add or subtract the smaller number, depending on its place.
Here we add II to C and we will get CII. The Roman numeral II is 2. Therefore, the numeral of CII is 102.
Numbers Related to CII in Roman Numerals
We follow a pattern when it comes to writing Roman numerals. In this section, we will write some numbers related to the Roman numeral CII:
| Roman Numeral | Number | Breakdown |
|---|---|---|
| C | 100 | C |
| CI | 101 | C + I |
| CII | 102 | C + I + I |
| CIII | 103 | C + I + I + I |
| CIV | 104 | C + IV |
| CV | 105 | C + V |
| CVI | 106 | C + V + I |
| CVII | 107 | C + V + I + I |
| CVIII | 108 | C + V + I + I + I |
| CIX | 109 | C + IX |
| CX | 110 | C + X |
Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them in CII Roman Numerals
Students can make mistakes when studying Roman numerals. Here are a few common mistakes students make, and ways to avoid them.
Mistake 1
Mistakes when applying the repetition method
It can be quite confusing for beginners to remember that Roman Numerals cannot be repeated more than three times. Another thing to keep in mind is that Roman Numerals such as V, L, and D cannot be repeated.
For example, writing LL as 100 is incorrect; the correct answer is C.
CII Roman Numerals Examples
Problem 1
If CII represents a certain amount of gold coins, and you find an additional XXXVIII coins, how many coins do you have in total? Write the answer in Roman numerals.
The total is CXL
Explanation
Convert both Roman numerals into their decimal form:
CII = 102
XXXVIII = 38
Now add both numbers: 102 + 38 = 140
Convert the number into its Roman numeral: 140 = 100 + 40 = CXL
Problem 2
A historian finds an ancient document stating that a battle was won with a force of CL soldiers, and another document stating there were CII survivors. How many soldiers were lost? Write your answer in Roman numerals.
XLVIII soldiers were lost
Explanation
Convert the Roman numerals into their decimal form:
CL = 150 CII = 102
Subtract the number of survivors from the total:
150 - 102 = 48
Convert the number into its Roman numeral: 48 = 40 + 8 = XLVIII
Problem 3
A treasure chest contains CII gold coins. If you divide the coins among 2 pirates, how many coins does each pirate get? Write the answer in Roman numerals.
LI
Explanation
Convert CII into its decimal form:
CII = 102
Divide by 2: 102 / 2 = 51
Write 51 in Roman numerals: 51 = 50 + 1 = LI
Problem 4
A Roman merchant sells CII bags of grain, each weighing VII pounds. What is the total weight of the grain sold? Write the answer in Roman numerals.
DCCXIV is the total weight of the grain sold.
Explanation
Write CII and VII in numbers:
CII = 102
VII = 7
Multiply the numbers: 102 × 7 = 714
Convert 714 into its Roman numerals: 700 (DCC) + 10 (X) + 4 (IV) = DCCXIV
Problem 5
Convert CII into its decimal form.
In decimal form, CII is 102
Explanation
Break CII into components:
C = 100
II = 2 (I + I)
Add values: 100 + 2 = 102
FAQs on CII in Roman Numerals
1.What is XII in Roman numerals?
2.Is CII a prime number?
3.What is CII + CII?
4.What is CXII?
5.Subtract II from CII
6.How can children in Oman use numbers in everyday life to understand CII in Roman Numerals?
7.What are some fun ways kids in Oman can practice CII in Roman Numerals with numbers?
8.What role do numbers and CII in Roman Numerals play in helping children in Oman develop problem-solving skills?
9.How can families in Oman create number-rich environments to improve CII in Roman Numerals skills?
Important Glossaries for CII in Roman Numerals
- Addition Method: In Roman numerals, when a larger symbol is followed by a smaller symbol, the numerals are added together.
- Subtraction Method: This method is used when a smaller symbol is placed before a larger symbol, indicating subtraction.
- Place Value: The value of a digit based on its position within a numeral.
- Limitation Rule: A rule where some symbols cannot be repeated more than once (V, L, D).
- Prime Number: A number greater than 1 that has no divisors other than 1 and itself.
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Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana
About the Author
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
Fun Fact
: She loves to read number jokes and games.
