Square root of 3

The square root of 3 is ±1.73205080757.
The positive value, 1.73205080757 is the solution of the equation x² = 3. As defined, the square root is just the inverse of squaring a number, so, squaring 1.73205080757 will result in 3.  The square root of 3 is expressed as √3 in radical form, where the ‘√’  sign is called “radical”  sign. In exponential form, it is written as (3)^1/2  
 

We can find the square root of 3 through various methods. They are:

 

• Prime factorization method

 

• Long division method

 

• Approximation/Estimation method
   

The prime factorization of 3 involves breaking down a number into its factors. Divide 3 by prime numbers, and continue to divide the quotients until they can’t be separated anymore. After factorizing 3, make pairs out of the factors to get the square root. If there exists numbers which cannot be made pairs further, we place those numbers with a “radical” sign along with the obtained pairs

 

So, Prime factorization of 3 = 3 × 1   

for 3, no pairs of factors can be obtained, only a single 3 is obtained.

So, it can be expressed as  √3 = √(3 × 1) = √3

√3 is the simplest radical form of √3.
 

This is a method used for obtaining the square root for non-perfect squares, mainly. It usually involves the division of the dividend by the divisor, getting a quotient and a remainder too sometimes.

 

Follow the steps to calculate the square root of 3:

Step 1: Write the number 3, and draw a bar above the pair of digits from right to left.

               
Step 2: Now, find the greatest number whose square is less than or equal to 3. Here, it is 1, Because 1²=1< 3.

Step 3 : Now divide 3 by 1 (the number we got from Step 2) such that we get 1 as quotient and we get a remainder. Double the divisor 1, we get 2, and then the largest possible number A1=7 is chosen such that when 7 is written beside the new divisor, 2, a 2-digit number is formed →27, and multiplying 7 with 27 gives 189 which is less than 200.

 

Repeat the process until you reach the remainder of 0

We are left with the remainder, 176 (refer to the picture), after some iterations and keeping the division till here, at this point.
             
Step 4 : The quotient obtained is the square root. In this case, it is 1.732….

 

Approximation or estimation of square root is not the exact square root, but it is an estimate.Here, through this method, an approximate value of square root is found by guessing.

 

Follow the steps below:

Step 1 : Identify the square roots of the perfect squares above and below 3

Below : 1→ square root of 1 = 1     ……..(i)

Above : 4 →square root of 4 = 2     ……..(ii)

Step 2 : Divide 3 with one of 1 or 2

 If we choose 2, and divide 3 by 2, we get 1.5   …….(iii)

             
Step 3: Find the average of 2 (from (ii)) and 1.5 (from (iii))

(2+1.5)/2 = 1.75

 Hence, 1.75 is the approximate square root of 3
 

• Exponential form:  An algebraic expression that includes an exponent. It is a way of expressing the numbers raised to some power of their factors. It includes continuous multiplication involving base and exponent. Ex: 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 16 Or, 2⁴ = 16, where 2 is the base, 4 is the exponent 

 

• Prime Factorization:  Expressing the given expression as a product of its factors. Ex: 48=2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3

 

• Prime Numbers: Numbers which are greater than 1, having only 2 factors as →1 and Itself. Ex: 1,3,5,7,....

 

• Rational numbers and Irrational numbers: The Number which can be expressed as p/q, where p and q are integers and q not equal to 0 are called Rational numbers. Numbers which cannot be expressed as p/q, where p and q are integers and q not equal to 0 are called Irrational numbers. 

 

• Perfect and non-perfect square numbers: Perfect square numbers are those numbers whose square roots do not include decimal places. Ex: 4,9,25 Non-perfect square numbers are those numbers whose square roots comprise decimal places. Ex :3, 8, 24