Last updated on May 26th, 2025
Roman numerals are a way of expressing numbers using symbols. I, V, X, L, C, D, and M are the symbols we use. Roman numerals are used in royal titles, book names, sequences, and so on. Here we will be discussing Roman numerals, rules, and examples.
The royal titles, such as Henry I, Henry II, and so on, have symbols like I and II that represent Roman numerals. Earlier people used physical items like fingers, sticks, and bones for counting. As life became complex, a standard form was required to count. Ancient Romans used the Roman numeral system to count. I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000) are the symbols we use to count.
In Roman numerals, we use CMLIII to represent 953, where CM is 900, L is 50, and III is 3. Let’s learn more about Roman numerals and how we write them.
There are certain basic rules to write a number in Roman numerals. In this section, let’s discuss some basic rules that need to be remembered when writing a number in Roman numerals.
The addition method is used when the smaller number is placed after the larger number. For example, LIII → L + III → 50 + 3 = 53.
To write a large number, there are certain Roman numerals that can be repeated three times. III → 3.
If a small number is placed before a large number in Roman numerals, we subtract the smaller number from the large number. For example, CM → M - C → 1000 - 100 = 900.
The symbols cannot be repeated more than three times and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, we won't write DDD for 1500; instead, we use MD for 1500.
Let’s now learn how to write 953 in Roman numerals. Follow these methods to write the number in Roman numerals.
In the expansion method, based on the place value, the number is broken down. In this section, we will learn how to write 953 in Roman numerals using the expansion method.
To write 953 in Roman numerals, follow these steps:
Step 1: Break down the number based on place value—ones, tens, hundreds, etc. For 953, we write it as 900 + 50 + 3.
Step 2: Convert the number into Roman numerals.
Step 3: Combine the Roman numerals together. Therefore, 953 in Roman numerals is CM (900) + L (50) + III (3) = CMLIII.
When writing a large number into Roman numerals, we group the number. To write 953 in Roman numerals, we group 953 as 900 + 50 + 3.
So, 953 is written as CMLIII in Roman numerals.
Students often make mistakes when writing numbers in Roman numerals. To master Roman numerals, we can learn a few common mistakes and the ways to avoid them.
A historian discovered a manuscript containing records of events from the year CMLIII. How many years ago was this from the year MMXXIII?
The year CMLIII was 1070 years ago from MMXXIII.
CMLIII is 953 in Roman numerals.
To find how many years ago it was from MMXXIII (2023), subtract 953 from 2023:
2023 - 953 = 1070.
A library has a collection of DCCCLXXXIV books, and each section can hold XLVIII books. How many full sections can be made, and how many books will be left over?
There will be XVIII full sections with XX books left over.
DCCCLXXXIV is 884 and XLVIII is 48 in Roman numerals.
Divide 884 by 48: 884 ÷ 48 = 18 with a remainder of 20.
So, 18 full sections can be made, with 20 books left over.
XVIII sections and XX books respectively in Roman numerals.
An architect designed a building with DCC floors, and each floor requires V columns. How many columns are needed in total?
The total number of columns needed is MMMMD.
DCC is 700 and V is 5 in Roman numerals.
Multiply the number of floors by the number of columns per floor: 700 × 5 = 3500.
3500 in Roman numerals is MMMMD.
Calculate the difference in years between two artifacts dated MCM and CMLIII.
The difference in years between MCM and CMLIII is CMXLVII.
MCM is 1900 and CMLIII is 953 in Roman numerals.
Subtract 953 from 1900 to find the difference: 1900 - 953 = 947.
947 in Roman numerals is CMXLVII.
Write the Roman Numeral for 500 + 453 using the expansion method.
The Roman numeral for 500 + 453 is CMLIII.
Step 1: Convert the numbers 500 and 453 into Roman numerals.
500 - D 453 - CDLIII
Add the numbers together: 500 + 453 = 953.
Using the expansion method: 953 = 900 + 50 + 3 = CMLIII.
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
: She loves to read number jokes and games.