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Last updated on February 20th, 2025
Roman numerals are a way of expressing numbers using symbols. The symbols I, V, X, L, C, D, and M are used. Roman Numerals are typically found in royal titles, book names, sequences, and so on. Here, we will discuss Roman Numerals, their rules, and examples
The royal titles, such as Henry I, Henry II, and so on, use Roman numerals. Have you noticed these symbols and wondered what they represent? Those are Roman Numerals. In ancient times, people used fingers, sticks, bones, etc., for counting. As life became more complex, a standard form was required to count, leading the ancient Romans to adopt the Roman Numeral system. The symbols I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), and M (1000) are used in this system.
In Roman Numerals, we represent 214 as CCXIV, where C is 100, X is 10, and IV is 4. Let’s learn more about Roman numerals and how we write them.
There are certain basic rules for writing numbers in Roman Numerals. Let’s discuss some of these rules.
Rule 1: Addition Method
The addition method is used when a smaller number is placed after a larger number. For example, XI → X + I → 10 + 1 = 11
Rule 2: Repetition Method
Some Roman Numerals can be repeated up to three times to represent a number. For example, CCC → 300.
Rule 3: Subtraction Method
If a smaller number precedes a larger number in Roman Numerals, the smaller number is subtracted from the larger number. For example, IX → X - I → 10 - 1 = 9
Rule 4: Limitation Rule
Symbols cannot be repeated more than three times, and some symbols like V, L, and D cannot be repeated. For example, we don't write VV for 10; instead, we use X. Also, 8 is written as VIII, not IIIIIIII.
Let’s learn how to write 214 in Roman Numerals. Follow these methods:
In the expansion method, the number is broken down based on place value.
To write 214 in Roman Numerals:
Step 1: Break the number based on place value: 200 + 10 + 4
Step 2: Convert each number to Roman Numerals:
- 200 in Roman Numerals — CC
- 10 in Roman Numerals — X
- 4 in Roman Numerals — IV
Step 3: Combine them: CC + X + IV = CCXIV
When writing a large number into Roman Numerals, we group the number.
To write 214 in Roman Numerals, we group 214 as 200 + 10 + 4:
- 200 in Roman Numerals — CC
- 10 in Roman Numerals — X
- 4 in Roman Numerals — IV
So, 214 is written as CCXIV in Roman Numerals.
A historian finds two ancient coins, one marked with CC and the other with XIV. What is the total value of the coins in Roman numerals?
An architect designs a monument that is CCXIV meters tall and plans to divide it into II equal sections. How tall is each section in Roman numerals?
A library has CCXIV ancient scrolls. If they decide to place the scrolls into VII shelves evenly, how many scrolls will be on each shelf in Roman numerals?
A collector has CCXIV rare artifacts and decides to sell LXX of them. How many artifacts will remain in his collection, expressed in Roman numerals?
Write the Roman numeral for the sum of CIII and CXI using the expansion method.
Hiralee Lalitkumar Makwana has almost two years of teaching experience. She is a number ninja as she loves numbers. Her interest in numbers can be seen in the way she cracks math puzzles and hidden patterns.
: She loves to read number jokes and games.